高考将至,这份英语考前清单请收好!

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一、单词拼写
    1.容易错写词尾的单词
    (1) 是ar不是er :
    grammar, vinegar, regular, popular, dollar, beggar, sugar, particular
    (2)是 or 不是er:
    professor, visitor, translator, director, editor, educator, actor, inventor, competitor
    2.容易颠倒字母顺序的单词(括号中为错词)
    destroy (destory) , first (frist) , Friday (Firday) friend (firend) ,receive (recieve) , true (ture),amateur (amature)
    3.容易丢掉一个字母的单词
    (1) 容易丢掉字母n:government,environment,environmental
    (2) 容易丢掉不发音的字母:Christmas,Wednesday
    (3) 拼写比较特别的单词:committee,guarantee,dilemma,opportunity,bridegroom,spokesman,succeed,competition,February
    4.容易多一个字母的单词(括号中为错词)
    develop (develope) , habit (habbit) , proud (pround) ,modern (mordern) , until (untill) , souvenir (souvenire) ,similar (similiar)
    5.词形相近,词义、词性容易混淆的单词
    quiet一quite, aboard一abroad, broad一board, adopt一adapt, alone一along, horse一house, except一expect ,through一thorough, price一prize一praise, quality一quantity, it一it's, everyday一 every day, beside-besides, affect一 effect , typewriter-typist, cook-cooker, physicist一 physician, late一later, latter一lately, seize一size , sweet一sweat, till一until , sigh一sign, weather一whether, rise一raise, piece一peace, rough一tough, steel一steal一still, sometime一sometimes一some time一sometimes, past一passed, wander一wonder, father一farther一feather, diary一dairy, form一from, hard一hardly, metal一medal一mental, than一then, principle一principal ,enable一unable, overcome一come over, altitude一attitude
    6.该双写却没有双写的单词
    unforgettable, beginning, written , inferred, referred , occurred
    7.不该双写却双写的单词(括号中为错词)
    writing (writting) , eaten (eatten) , suffer (sufferred)
    8.必须去掉字母e的单词
    unbelievable, valuable, argument, truly
    9.不能去掉字母e的单词
    (un) changeable, (re) chargeable, hopeful, envelope,moveable
    10.两个变化非常特别的单词
    panic-panicked-panicking
    picnic-picnicked-picnicking
    二、词性转化容易出错词
    1.动词变名词比较特殊的单词
    describe 一 description, explain一 explanation, pronounce一 pronunciation, permit一permission, conclude一conclusion, admit一admission, prepare一preparation , decide―decision, conclude一conclusion,arrive一arrival, survive一survival-survivor
    2.名词变形容词比较特殊的单词
    nature一natural, benefit一 beneficial
    3.形容词变名词比较特殊的单词
    curious-curiosity, able-ability, dangerous一 danger, anxious-anxiety, broad-breadth, long-length, wide/width, deep-depth, responsible-responsibility
    4.形容词变副词不去e的单词
    (un) fortunate 一(un) fortunately, immediate一immediately, absolute一absolutely, rude一rudely, approximate一approximately, desperate一desperately, large一largely, accurate一accurately
    但true-truly !
    5.形容词与副词同形的单词
    straight,fast,late,hard
    6.形容词变副词,去e加y的单词(以-ble,pIe结尾的单词,去e加y就好)
    simple一simply,(im)possible一(im)possibly, probable一probably,(un)comfortable一(un)comfortably
    7.基数词转化为序数词比较特殊的单词
    one一 first, two一 second, three一third, five一fifth, eight一eighth, nine一ninth, twelve一twelfth
    整数位的一ty要改为一tieth,如twenty一twentieth, sixty一sixtieth
    另外,注意这些数词的变化:four一fourteen一forty , five一fifteen一fifty
    三、常见常考的否定词
    1. un一:unusual, unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected
    2. im一:impossible, impolite, immoral
    3. in一:incorrect, inconvenient, informal
    4. ir一 : irregular, irrelevant
    5. ab一:abnormal
    6. dis一:disagree, disappear, dislike
    7. il一:illegal, illogical
    四、常见常考的名词
    1.最常考的10个不可数名词
    fun, information, progress , news , homework, housework, furniture, advice, baggage/luggage
    2.复数变化比较特别的几组名词
    (1)变词尾f (fe)为v再加es的单词
    "贼”(thief一thieves)的“妻子”(wife一wives)用“架子”(shelf一shelves) -上的一把小“刀”(knife一knives)和“半”(half一halves)片“树叶”(leaf一leaves)“亲自”(self一selves)杀死了“狼”(wolf一wolves)的“生命”(life一lives)
    (2)以o结尾加一es作复数的单词
    他们在“龙卷风”(tornadoes)中吃“土豆”(potatoes)和“西红柿”(tomatoes),真是“英雄”(heroes)啊!
    (3)单数变复数,变化较特殊的单词
    passer-by/passers-by,German/Germans
    五、常见常考的代词变化
    I一me一my一mine一myself
    he一him一his一his一himself
    they一them一their一theirs一themselves
    we一us一our一ours一ourselves
    六、考纲不规则动词136
    高考词汇表中所列出的不规则动词有136个:
    write/begin/say/eat/run/study/lie/lay/raise/teach/catch/go/buy/sell/drink/fall/feel/find/found/hear/keep/fly/pay/tell/ring/seek/sleep/spread/read/steal/win/bite/beat/ride/swim等等。
    七、各类作文基本框架
    1.书信(email)一开头和结尾已写好,不作为考查内容。
    格式:A. inside address(时间),B. greeting, C. body, D. closing , E. signature
    注意谋篇布局,合理安排要点,孰先孰后。
    2. 日记一格式:日期、星期、天气。
    用第一人称、过去时态。开好头(简单介绍所做的重要或有意义之事),结好尾(谈感受和认识),把握好时间的过渡与空间的位移表达(接下来,然后,…)。
    3. 口头通知(广播稿)一Notice & Announcement
    开头:称呼语(引起注意)
    正文:将何时何地将有何事整合成一个含有将来时的句子
    结尾:That's all. Thank you.
    4. 图画类(看图作文)一以记叙文为主。
    研读文字提示,确定写作人称(一/三)及人物之间的关系/身份;看懂图画内容,弄清图与图之间的联系;理解图中细节(细节是为中心服务的),避免读图错误;看清注意事项,列出写作要点。
    5. 表格类一用文段表达表格信息。通盘考虑,变更调整,优化组合内容要点,避免字句支离破碎。
    6. 图表类一以议论文为主,注意筛选典型数据。有三种提示方式:圆形图(饼状图/圆面分割图)曲线图(坐标图)及条形图(立柱图/圆柱图)
    行文安排一般分为三段:
    第一段:概述图表中数据变化反映的问题/主要现象/总趋势;
    第二段:分析产生的原因;
    第三段:预测展望未来(好事);建议解决方案(坏事);结合自身,谈个人看法(中性)。
    

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